关于吉尔赞喀勒墓地用火遗物的一点看法

A New Thought on the Fire Artifacts of the Jirzankal Cemetery

2013—2014年,我国考古工作者在新疆塔什库尔干县的吉尔赞喀勒墓地先后发掘了39座墓葬,发现了一些特别的遗迹和遗物,如黑色和白色鹅卵石条纹、木质和陶质火盆。由此发掘者先后在新闻报道和学术论文中发表了看法,提出它们属于早期琐罗亚斯德教文化元素。笔者仔细审核了发掘资料,发现发掘者提出的证据不足以支撑这种看法。其关键证据"木火坛"与欧亚大陆早期铁器时代的游牧人群的吸食大麻习俗更为密切,该墓地所反映的文化更可能是草原游牧文化。

In 2013—2014,39 tombs were excavated at the Jirzankal cemetery in Tashkurgan county,Xinjiang,and some unusual features and artifacts,such as white and black stripes of pebble,wooden and pottery fire bowls were uncovered.Hence the excavator delivered,in various news reports and research articles,the interpretation that these features and artifacts are attributable to the early Zoroastrianism.The author finds that the excavation materials fail to warrant this interpretation.The wooden fire bowls,the core evidence,appears to be related to the custom of hemp consumption of early Iron Age nomads over the Eurasian steppe;in fact,the burial customs and the ensemble of funeral goods identify the population buried at the Jirzankal cemetery as such nomads immigrating to the Pamir Plateau.