辽东的粮食供应与北元生存危机的化解——兼论蒙元汗庭的粮食需求

Grain supply of Liaodong is the Solution to the Survival Crisis in North Yuan Dynasty

本文通过对《北巡私记》一条记载的考订,揭示由于粮食紧缺,北元曾经面临严峻的生存危机。进而讨论粮食对蒙古汗国和元朝在游牧政权与农耕政权转换中的作用。最后对辽东农业的历史地位作了梳理,得出了辽东的粮食供应是化解北元危机的关键因素之一。

This paper aims to reveal the survival crisis in North Yuan Dynasty due to shortage of grain via a review of documents in the Ming Dynasty entitled"Record of Patrolling the North".Furthermore,it discusses the roles that grain played in the transformations from nomadic herding to farming in the reign of Mongol-Yuan Empire.Finally,through reviewing the historical roles of agriculture of Liaodong province,it reaches the conclusion that grain supply serves as a key factor for addressing the issue of survival crisis in North Yuan Dynasty.