十字路口仪式中的草编大蛇研究——以千叶县市川市为例

Research on the Straw Serpents Used in Tsujigiri Ritual: A Case of Ichikawa City of Chiba Prefecture

文章以日本千叶县市川市十字路口仪式中使用的咒物"大蛇"为研究对象,通过列举国府台、堀之内、根本三个地区的仪式案例,对市川市现存十字路口仪式中草编大蛇的制作工序、使用方法、交替及废弃进行了详细梳理。通过比较研究,发现在市川市内的不同地区,大蛇的形态既存在差异,又具有共通之处。大蛇制作技艺,不仅是村落社会传承至今的稻草工艺的结晶,同时也被民众寄予了祛除恶灵、瘟疫,以及保护村落安全的特殊含义。

This paper studies the"Serpents"used in Tsujigiri rituals from Ichikawa City,Chiba Prefecture,Japan.Based on the cases of Kokufudai,Horinouchi,and Nemoto areas,the author studies how the straw serpents are made,used,exchanged,and discarded during the Tsujigiri rituals in Ichikawa.Through comparative research,it is found that the appearance of straw serpents from different areas of Ichikawa are both different,but with similarity.The craftsmanship of the straw serpents for Tsujigiri rituals embodies the achievements of straw craftsmanship that the villagers have passed down to today,and at the same time,it has been imbued with special significance of eliminating evil spirits and plagues,and safeguarding the village.