基于高波数拉曼光谱的口腔癌检测方法研究

Study on oral cancer detection method based on high wavenumber Raman spectroscopy

目前口腔癌触诊检查依赖于医生经验,术中冰冻切片的检测方式为有创检测,准确性较低,为满足临床手术对口腔癌检测的实际需求,研究了基于高波数(2400~4000 cm-1)光纤激光拉曼光谱的口腔癌检测方法。研究光纤拉曼光谱实现口腔癌检测的原理,分析了主成分-线性判别分析(PCA-LDA)统计算法的可行性,搭建了便携口腔癌组织检测光纤拉曼系统,制备了口腔癌组织和正常组织病理切片,采集了口腔癌组织和正常组织的高波数拉曼光谱,利用PCA-LDA算法对光谱进行处理和分析。光谱分析结果表明,癌组织和正常组织的平均光谱在2780、2890、2936、3180、3285、3300、3650 cm-1有较大区别,利用PCA-LDA分析,对正常组织和口腔癌组织拉曼光谱进行降维分类,检测准确率为96.6%,与共聚焦显微拉曼光谱检测相比,提高了检测效率,较指纹拉曼光谱检测准确率提高约0.6%,研究表明高波数拉曼光谱结合统计学方法可以较好的区分正常组织和癌组织,有望成为一种高灵敏度,高时效性和高准确率的口腔癌检测方法,对术中口腔癌检测有重要意义。

At present,the palpation examination of oral cancer relies on doctor′s experience;the detection method of intraoperative frozen section is invasive detection and the accuracy is low.In order to meet the actual needs of clinical surgical oral cancer detection,the oral cancer detection method based on high-wavenumber(2400~4000 cm-1)fiber laser Raman spectroscopy is studied.The principle using fiber Raman spectroscopy to realize oral cancer detection is studied.The feasibility of the Principal Component Analysis-Linear Discriminant Analysis(PCA-LDA)statistical algorithm is analyzed.A portable oral cancer tissue detection fiber Raman system was built,and the histopathological sections of the oral cancer tissues and normal tissues were prepared.The high-wavenumber Raman spectra of the oral cancer tissues and normal tissues were collected,and the spectra were processed and analyzed with PCA-LDA algorithm.The spectral analysis results show that the average spectra of the cancer tissues and normal tissues are significantly different at 2780,2890,2936,3180,3285,3300 and 3650 cm-1.The Raman spectroscopy of the normal tissues and oral cancer tissues were dimension-reduced and classified with the PCA-LDA analysis,and the detection accuracy is 96.6%.Compared with the result of confocal microscopy Raman spectroscopy,the detection efficiency is improved.Compared with the result of fingerprint Raman spectrum detection,the detection accuracy is improved by about 0.6%.The study result indicates that combining statistical method,the high-wavenumber Raman spectroscopy method can nicely distinguish between normal tissues and cancerous tissues,which is expected to be an oral cancer detection method with high sensitivity,high time-efficiency and high accuracy,and has important significance for intraoperative oral cancer detection.