缘于“地方感”的“体化实践”——纳西族汝卡人传统乐舞“阿卡巴拉”传承实践研究

“Incorporating”Due to“Local Perception”:Research on the Inheritance and Practice of Traditional Music and Dance“Akabala”of Naxi Ruka People

在中国悠久的历史长河中,“乐舞”在礼制中扮演着重要角色,是一个显著又重要的文化事象,也是中国人文与艺术学科研究的重要对象之一。云南滇西北哈巴雪山峡谷西端雪山脚下的纳西族汝卡人跳的“阿卡巴拉”乐舞,作为仪式中重要的组成部分,在每年农历“二月八”以一种“表演”的方式拉开了“祭龙”活动的序幕。这一民间相沿成习的传统乐舞,是古代氐羌族群传统乐舞的遗存,也是纳西文化历史的表征、意义的载体和文化的镜像。作为依然“活着”并不断实践着的艺术行为,如何捕捉来自身体的内在意图及意义经验,以此认知并理解“阿卡巴拉”在身体通过仪式操演从自然性向社会文化性转化过程中的风格差异与实践策略,需要新的学术视野和清晰的现实情怀。

In the long history of China,“music and dance”has played an important role in the ritual system.It is a significant and important cultural phenomenon,and it is also one of the important objects of research of Chinese humanities and arts.Akabala music and dance,which performed by the Ruka people of Naxi ethnic group at the foot of the snow mountain at the western end of the Haba Snow Mountain Canyon in northwest Yunnan,is an important part of the ceremony which kicks off the Dragon Sacrifice event with a performance on the 8th of February of the lunar calendar every year.This traditional music and dance can be seen as the relic of the traditional music and dance of the ancient Diqiang ethnic group,and it is also the symbol of Naxi cultural history,the carrier of meaning and the mirror image of culture.As an artistic behavior that is still alive and constantly practiced,it requires new academic vision and clear realistic feelings in order to capture the inner intention and meaningful experience from the body,and to recognize and understand the style differences and practical strategies of the role of Akabala in the process of the body's transformation from nature to social culture through ritual performance.