纳米材料电催化还原CO_(2)研究进展

Research Progress on Electrocatalytic Reduction of CO_(2) with Nanomaterials

二氧化碳(CO2)是造成温室效应最主要的温室气体。CO2被排放到空气中,既破坏了环境,又浪费了宝贵的碳资源,把CO2存储及资源化回收转化可对其进行有效利用。电化学还原的实质就是利用电子的得失来实现CO2的还原。作为电化学还原的电极材料,纳米材料具有很高的比表面积和表面正电性可作为高活性的催化剂和气体吸附剂。纳米粒子尺寸小、表面的化学键状态和电子态与颗粒内部不同、表面原子配位不全,导致表面的活性位置增加,使它具备了作为催化剂的基本条件。因此,对近年来有关纳米材料用于电化学催化还原CO2研究进行了综述,对纳米材料电极的制备、应用进行了阐述。

Carbon dioxide(CO2)is the most important greenhouse gas that causes the greenhouse effect.CO2 is discharged into the air,which not only damages the environment,but also wastes precious carbon resources.CO2 storage and resource recovery can be effectively used.The essence of electrochemical reduction is to use the gains and losses of electrons to reduce CO2.As an electrode material for electrochemical reduction,nanomaterials have a high specific surface area and surface positiveness and can be used as highly active catalysts and gas adsorbents.The small size of the nanoparticle,the chemical bond state and electronic state on the surface are different from the inside of the particle,and the coordination of surface atoms is not complete,which leads to an increase in active sites on the surface,which makes it have the basic conditions for being a catalyst.Therefore,in recent years,the research on the use of nanomaterials for electrochemical catalytic reduction of CO2 is reviewed,and the preparation and application of nanomaterial electrodes are described.