重大突发公共卫生事件下的风险治理研究——基于“两微”舆论风险的视角

Research on Risk Governance under Major Public Health Emergencies: Based on the Perspective of Public Opinion Risks of “Microblog and WeChat”

以"两微"为代表的社交媒体的快速崛起,革命性地改变了信息获取和传播的模式。面对重大突发公共卫生事件,"两微"既是公众获取信息的主要途径,也是话语啸聚、释放、表征、争锋与分类汇流的舆论场域。基于风险分析的视角,重大突发公共卫生事件的暴发无疑加重了社会风险,而经由"两微"所引发的舆论风险,不但与已有社会风险形成叠加,同时又衍生出新的风险。以"两微"舆论为切入点,结合实例对舆论风险的类型及表现形态、风险特性、防控困境和治理策略等问题展开探讨,以期精准把握舆论生态变化,多维度强化重大突发公共卫生事件防控中的舆论引导,从而切实提高"两微"舆论风险的防控效能。

The rapid rise of social media represented by the"microblog and WeChat"has revolutionized the mode of information acquisition and dissemination.Confronting the outbreak of major public health emergencies,"microblog and WeChat"are not only the main platforms for the public to obtain information,but also the field of public opinion for discourse gathering,releasing,representing,debating and classifying.Base on the perspectives of risks analysis,the outbreak of the major public health emergencies aggravates social risks,and the public opinion risks generated by"microblog and WeChat"not only overlap with existing risks,but also generate new risks.Taking the public opinion generated from"microblog and WeChat"as the starting point,the article discusses the types and performance of public opinion risks,risk characteristics,risk prevention and control dilemmas,and governance strategies by using cases,aiming to fully grasp the changes of public opinion environment,strengthen public opinion guidance of major public health emergencies from multi-dimensions,and finally improve the effectiveness of prevention and control of public opinion risks in the"microblog and WeChat".