贫困县脱贫摘帽的影响因素及实践路径——基于中国西南地区60个案例的模糊集定性比较分析

Influencing Factors and Practical Paths of Poverty Alleviation in Poverty-Stricken Counties:Qualitative Comparative Analysis of Fuzzy Sets Based on 60 Cases in Southwestern China

以中国西南地区60个已脱贫摘帽县为案例研究对象,以TOE理论为指导,设定条件变量,构建分析框架,通过模糊集定性比较分析法(fs-QCA),挖掘中国西南地区贫困县脱贫摘帽的影响因素,探讨脱贫攻坚的必要条件及实施路径。研究发现:完善基础设施、巩固困难群众的脱贫之基和抓产业促就业增强困难群众的"造血"功能是贫困县脱贫摘帽的主要推动力;科技教育、健康保障、文化科普、金融服务等政策工具对于西南地区贫困县减贫效果不显著,究其原因,在于西南地区基础设施薄弱,产业发展滞后,扶贫政策工具的功能未充分发挥。基于此,提出中国西南地区应加大基础设施投资力度,重点发展支柱产业,打扶贫政策工具组合拳的建议,为西南地区后续扶贫工作的开展提供精准解决方案和发展借鉴。

This paper takes 60 counties in southwestern China that have shaken off poverty as sample cases,sets conditional variables and constructs analytical framework based on TOE theory to explore the influencing factors of poverty alleviation in poverty-stricken counties in southwest China through qualitative comparative analysis(FS-QCA)of fuzzy sets,and discusses the necessary conditions and the implementation of poverty alleviation paths.It is found that improving infrastructure,consolidating the foundation of poverty alleviation for the poor,and enhancing the"hematopoietic"function of the poor by developing industry and promoting employment are the main driving forces for the poor counties to shake off poverty.Policy tools such as science and technology education,health security,cultural popularization and financial services have insignificant impacts on the poverty reduction of the poor counties.The reason is that the function of policy tools has not been fully played due to the weak infrastructure construction and backward industrial development.Based on this,the paper proposes that more investment should be made in infrastructure,more emphasis should be put on developing pillar industries,and different policy tools should be well combined to provide accurate solutions and development suggestions for future poverty alleviation works in southwestern China.