政治关联、营商环境与企业创新投入——基于模糊集定性比较分析

Political Connections,Business Environment and R&D Investment of Enterprises:Based on Fuzzy Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis

随着世界经济形势变化和国内全面深化改革的不断深入,中国经济发展进入到了产业转型升级的关键阶段,而科技创新则是帮助中国走过改革"阵痛区"的关键。对于如何促进企业创新投入,利用模糊集定性比较分析(fs QCA)的方法,试图从政治关联和营商环境等方面出发,探寻引致企业高创新投入的必要条件组合。通过分析发现7组引致企业高创新投入的必要条件组合,并归纳为"政治力量驱动型""营商环境支持型"和"内部力量自发型"三种创新动因类型,三种类型分别强调了政治关联、营商环境和企业内部治理在相应类型企业的高创新投入中发挥的关键作用,同时也呈现了与股权性质、股权结构等因素所共同组成的引致企业高强度创新的必要条件组合。

With the changes of the world economic situation and the comprehensively deepening of reform,China’s economic development has entered a critical stage of industrial transformation and upgrading.Technological innovation is the key to help China go through the"bottleneck area"of the reform.On how to promote R&D investment of enterprises,this paper uses the method of fuzzy set qualitative comparison analysis(fs QCA)to explore the combinations of the necessary factors that lead to high R&D investment from the perspective of political connection,and business environment.Based on the analysis,the authors find out seven combinations of necessary conditions that lead to high innovation investment of enterprises.The combinations are classified into three types of innovation motivations including"politically driven","business environment supported"and"internally motivated".The three types of motivations respectively emphasize the key roles of political connection,business environment,and corporate internal governance in the high innovation investment of corresponding enterprises.Meanwhile,the paper also presents the necessary combination of conditions that lead to high-intensity innovation of enterprises jointly formed by the nature of ownership,ownership structure and so on.