清末民初鼠疫防治中的中西医比较

Comparison of Chinese and Western Medicine in Plague Prevention and Control in the Late Qing Dynasty and the Early Republic of China

围绕清末民初鼠疫防治,中西医之间出现了一定的对抗局面。尽管中医在对鼠疫的治疗中显现出疗效的优势,但在抗生素发明之前,对待鼠疫最有效的方法就是通过隔离来切断人与人之间传染的链条,而这正是西医防疫的优势所在。论争的直接后果是政府基本采用西方的公共卫生体制,传统中医在多种合力的作用下,基本失去了在国家卫生领域中的话语权。

Around the plague prevention and control in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China,a self-evident confrontation between Chinese and Western medicine emerged.Although traditional Chinese medicine has shown the advantages of curative effect in the treatment of plague,before the invention of antibiotics,the most effective way to treat plague was to cut off the chain of infection between people through isolation.This is the advantage of western medicine in epidemic prevention.The direct consequence of the debate is that the government basically adopts the Western public health system,and traditional Chinese medicine has basically lost its right to speak in the national health field under the combined effect of multiple forces.