红景天苷对D-半乳糖联合亚硝酸钠注射诱导的小鼠氧化应激和大脑海马损伤的保护作用

Protective effects of salidroside on oxidative stress and hippocampal damage induced by injection of D-galactose combined with sodium nitrite in mice

目的:本研究主要探讨红景天苷对D-半乳糖联合亚硝酸钠注射AD模型小鼠的抗氧化应激效应和保护海马神经损伤的作用。方法:将45只健康小鼠随机分为模型组、红景天苷组、正常组,每组15只。红景天苷组、模型组小鼠每日腹腔注射亚硝酸钠(50 mg/kg)和皮下注射D-半乳糖(150 mg/kg)连续造模60天,正常组注射等体积生理盐水。造模期间,同时给予红景天苷组小鼠皮下注射等量红景天苷(40 mg/kg),正常组和模型组小鼠注射等体积生理盐水。给药结束后,检测小鼠血浆氧化应激和大脑海马神经病理损伤水平。采用生化比色法测定血浆T-SOD、MDA、CAT及GSH-Px水平,HE染色观察大脑海马神经病理损伤,并进行形态计量学测定海马神经元损伤水平。数据采用SPSS 26.0软件行单因素方差分析。结果:模型组血浆中T-SOD、CAT及GSH-Px活性明显下降,而MDA水平升高,较正常组统计差异显著(P<0.001);与模型组相比,红景天苷组T-SOD、CAT及GSH-Px活性显著升高,MDA含量显著降低(P<0.05);红景天苷组血浆T-SOD、CAT活性和MDA水平与正常组比较差异不显著,无统计学差异(P>0.05)。模型小鼠海马组织出现大量皱缩、变性、死亡的细胞,正常神经元数量明显减少,与正常组和红景天苷组比较,具有显著性差异(P<0.05);红景天苷组小鼠大脑海马变性和坏死细胞有所减少,但正常神经元胞体数量与正常组比较仍显著降低(P<0.05)。结论:研究结果提示红景天苷对D-半乳糖合并亚硝酸钠注射AD模型小鼠具有较好的抗氧化应激损伤效应,这可能与其保护大脑海马组织神经病理损伤的机制密切相关。

Objective:This study mainly explored the antioxidant stress effect and protective effect of salidroside on hippocampal neuronal damage in AD model mice induced by injection of D-galactose combined with sodium nitrite.Methods:45 healthy mice were randomly divided into a model group,a salidroside group,and a blank control group,with 15 mice in each group.The mice in the salidroside group and model group were injected intraperitoneally with sodium nitrite(50 mg/kg)and subcutaneously with D-galactose(150 mg/kg)for 60 consecutive days,while the blank control group was injected with an equal volume of normal saline.At the same time,mice in the salidroside group were subcutaneously injected with an equal amount of salidroside(40 mg/kg),while mice in the blank control group and model group were injected with an equal volume of normal saline.After administration,the levels of oxidative stress in the plasma of mice and pathological damage to the hippocampal neurons in the brain were detected.Biochemical colorimetric method was used to determine the levels of plasma T-SOD,MDA,CAT,and GSH-Px.HE staining was used to observe pathological damage of cerebral hippocampal neurons,and morphometric measurement was performed to determine the level of hippocampal neuronal damage.The data was analyzed using SPSS 26.0 software for one-way ANOVA.Results:The activity of T-SOD,CAT,and GSH-Px in the plasma of the model group significantly decreased,while the MDA level increased,with a very significant difference compared to the blank control group(P<0.001).Compared with the model group,the activities of T-SOD,CAT,and GSH-Px in the salidroside group were significantly increased,while the MDA content was significantly reduced(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in plasma T-SOD,CAT activity,and MDA levels between the salidroside group and the blank control group(P>0.05).The hippocampal tissue of model mice showed a large number of wrinkled,degenerated,and dead cells.The number of normal neurons significantly decreased in the model group,and there was a significant difference as compared with the blank control group and salidroside group(P<0.05).The degeneration and necrotic cells in the hippocampus of mice treated with salidroside were reduced,but the number of normal neuronal bodies in the salidroside groupwas still significantly reduced compared to the blank control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:The research results suggest that salidroside has a good antioxidant stress effect on AD model mice induced by injection of D-galactose combined with sodium nitrite,which may be closely related to its mechanism of protecting the neuropathological damage of the hippocampal tissue in the brain.