薏苡仁化学成分、药理作用及其应用概况

Overview of the chemical composition,pharmacological effects and applications of Coix lacryma

薏苡仁作为药食两用的中药材,被广泛应用于各个领域。其含有脂肪酸类和酯类、糖类、黄酮类、三萜类、生物碱类等多种有效成分,基于中医药理论薏苡仁具有健脾除湿、舒筋除痹等功效,现代理论认为薏苡仁还可抗癌、调节免疫、抗炎镇痛、抗氧化等。薏苡仁药性温和、毒性小、药用价值高,疗效作用显著,目前开发的薏苡仁相关保健产品已达百种,包括薏苡仁饮料、薏苡保健酒等,并开发有以薏苡仁作为原料的康美特注射液,用于治疗癌症,化妆品行业也逐渐采用薏苡仁作为原料开发面霜、防晒霜。薏苡仁应用范围广,但目前研究较多的仍是薏苡仁油治疗癌症,其他方面的开发仍较少,本文主要总结薏苡仁的化学成分、药理作用和应用进行概括,以期为薏苡仁进一步研究开发提供参考。

Coix seed,as a medicinal and edible Chinese medicinal material,is widely used in various fields.Coix seed contains fatty acids,esters,sugars,flavonoids,triterpenoids,alkaloids and other effective ingredients.Based on the theory of traditional Chinese medicine,Coix seed can strengthen the spleen and dehumidify the spleen,relieve tendons and eliminate arthralgia.According to modern theory,Coix seed can also fight cancer,regulate immunity,anti-inflammation,analgesia and anti-oxidation.Coix seed has mild drug,low toxicity,high medicinal value and significant curative effect.At present,there are 100 kinds of health care products related to Coix seed under development,including Coix seed beverage and Coix seed health care wine,etc.Coix seed is also used as raw material for Kangmet injection for the treatment of cancer,and Coix seed is gradually used as raw material for the development of face cream and sunscreen in the cosmetics industry.Coix seed has a wide range of applications,but Coix seed oil is still the most studied in the treatment of cancer,and there are few other aspects of development.This paper mainly summarizes the chemical composition,pharmacological action and application of Coix seed,in order to provide a reference for further research and development of Coix seed.