摘要
纵横家作为战国诸子中的士人群体,在百家争鸣中他们并非以思想取胜,而是以事功惊世。囿于时代的遮蔽,纵横家的士人形象渐趋消歇于历史长河之中。事实上,在传记文本中,作为“羁旅之臣”,纵横家的人生境遇较为坎坷,从底层崛起,直面困厄并超越苦难;作为“倾危之士”,纵横家在列国征伐中释放外交智慧,或合纵、或连横,用雄辩展现游说技巧,尽显进取。纵横家凭借卓越的政治才干顺应历史大势,扯掉“仁义道德”的遮羞布,直击人性中的义利取舍,于乱世中建功立业,彰显雄健气象。得益于司马迁、刘向等人对纵横家传记文本的撰写与整理,后世学者才能逐步为其正名。因此,通过对纵横家的传记进行梳理并透视其心路历程,进而重新审视这一群体,旨在回归理性,重塑士人精神。
Political strategists,as a group of scholars in the Warring States period,are not famous for their thought but for their great deeds in the contention of a hundred schools of thought.Although their images have faded and become obscured in history,biographical texts depict them as“loyal subjects in a foreign land”who lived a tough life to distinguish themselves from the grassroots against adversity and hardships.As for“talents turming tide in crisis”,they demonstrated diplomatic wisdom in the wars among the states and took the initiative to use eloquence in their lobbying efforts.Political strategists with outstanding political talent followed the historical trend,ripped off the mask of the so-called“benevolence,justice and morality”,stuck to the tradeoff between justice and profit,and achieved success during turbulent times.The biographical texts written and compiled by political strategists,such as Sima Qian and Liu Xiang etc.allow later scholars to gradually justify their actions.Therefore,the reappraisal of these people's lives and experiences aims to restore to rationality and reshape the spirit of scholars.
作者
梅伟
Mei Wei(School of Liberal Arts,Wuhan University)
出处
《现代传记研究》
2024年第1期250-262,共13页
Journal of Modern Life Writing Studies
关键词
羁旅之臣
倾危之士
心路历程
传记书写
a loyal subject in a foreign land
a talent turning tide in crisis
life experience
biographical writing