近代传记文献的书写与生成——以湘学魁首王闿运“传”为中心

The Writing and Production of Biographical Documents in Modem China:A Research on the Biographies of Wang Kaiyun

民国时期围绕王闿运的传记书写呈现出多维面向。与日记、年谱等文献一样,各类遗闻轶事、笔记杂谈同样是传记编撰的重要资料来源,报纸、期刊等媒介推动了王闿运轶事的撰写与传播,也遮蔽了相关记述的可信效力。面对错综复杂的人物事迹文本,作传之人需要有一定的编辑策略进行选择与加工。书写完毕,一篇传记还需要面对他人所作同题之传的“竞争”。传记文献的流传与接受取决于很多因素,钱基博《近百年湖南学风·王闿运传》就凭借全书的流行与作者有意的推广而获得更大的影响力。王闿运传记的书写可供思考近代传记文献乃至传统史传记述的相关问题。

In the Republican period of China,the biographical writing of Wang Kaiyun featured multi-dimensional aspects.Newspapers and periodicals,as the popular medium,like diaries,chronicles and other documents,not only promoted the writing and dissemination of Wang Kaiyun’s anecdotes,but also obscured the credibility of relevant accounts.Faced with complicated literature of characters and deeds,biographers should employ specific editorial strategies to select and edit materials.Competition with other people’s biographies on the same subject is also necessary.The circulation and acceptance of biographical documents after their production depends on many factors.The biography of Wang Kaiyun in the book Recent Hundred Years of Hunan Academic Culture gained greater influence because of the book’s popularity and the author’s intentional promotion.The biographies of Wang Kaiyun can be used in the research on the related issues of modern biographical documents and traditional historical biographies.