自我与“他者”:谈罗斯金传记中的“真实”问题

The Self and the "Others" :The Problem of "Truth" in Ruskin’s Biography

“真实”是传记的核心价值之一,却时常引起人们的质疑。罗斯金的各类传记同样存在这个问题,其自传的交流式创作与旅行游记式写作,过于强调传主的主观“自我”,将真实的传主隐匿在了事件背后;传记影视的叙事手法与传记体形式,过于追求一种“他者”影像,加深了我们对传主虚实间距离的认识。他传异本中的差异叙述,则可以为我们提供一种解读传记中“真实”相对性的立场。

"Truth"is one of the core values of biography,but it often arouses our doubts.This issue also appears in Ruskin’s biographies.The communication and travel writing in his autobiography overemphasize the subjective"self"of the preacher and hide the real preacher behind the event.The narrative technique and biographical form of biographical film and television drama excessively pursue an image of"otherness",which deepens our understanding of the distance between the virtual and the real of the originator.Through the differential narration in his biography,we are provided with a position to interpret the relativity of"truth"in biography.