承继与创新:明僧释明河《补续高僧传》的合传研究

Inheritance and Innovation:A Research on the Collective Monk Biography Supplement to the Sequel to the Lives of Eminent Monks by Shi Minghe in the Ming Dynasty

明僧释明河《补续高僧传》是高僧总传系列的著述之一,在明代佛教史乃至中国佛教史上有一定的影响和地位。《补续高僧传》的编撰体例是承继释慧皎《高僧传》、释道宣《续高僧传》、释赞宁《宋高僧传》而作,但又有创新发展即采用合传。《补续高僧传》合传的界定是僧传编撰者记载两个或三个高僧生平事迹的正式传记。《补续高僧传》合传的传记有71篇。这些传记组合形式皆有着“以大类相从”的宏观原则,大部分有着“以细处相从”的微观原则。合传的叙事特点分别是:以事相合,聚汇成文;细处相合,衔接成文;以事遥合,异代成文。《补续高僧传》合传是高僧总传系列著述乃至佛教史籍著述的一个大胆尝试。

Supplement to the Sequel to the Lives of Eminent Monks written by Shi Minghe in the Ming Dynasty was one of the collective monk biography and influential in the history of Buddhism in Ming Dynasty and even in the history of Buddhism in China.This biography was modeled on Shi Huijiao’s The Lives of Eminent Monks,Shi Daoxuan’s The Sequel to the Lives of Eminent Monks and Shi Zanning’s The Lives of Eminent Monks in the Song Dynasty,but made some innovation and development,i.e.the form of collective biography,which is defined as the formal biography recording the life stories of two or three eminent monks.The biographical compilation followed the principle of categorizing by general types on the macro level and by details on the micro level.A total of 71 articles were collected in this biography.The narrative of collective biography was characterized as eventcentered,detail-centered and correlated anecdotes of different generations.Supplement to the Sequel to the Lives of Eminent Monks is a bold attempt in biography of eminent monks and even the historical works of Buddhism.