地志自传与文化记忆构建——评奥尔罕·帕慕克《伊斯坦布尔:一座城市的记忆》

Autotopography and the Construction of Cultural Memory:Orhan Pamuk’s Istanbul:Memories and the City

帕慕克的地志自传《伊斯坦布尔:一座城市的记忆》不仅揭示了伊斯坦布尔地景风物、文化气质与自我主体的互涵共生关系,更呈现出这座城市被压抑然而却曾深刻影响其历史构建的多元文化记忆。一方面,对文化记忆的构建帮助帕慕克定位自我,实现自我身份认同;另一方面,通过地志自传的书写,帕慕克又将交往记忆转化为文化记忆,并利用作品中的图像、建筑、废墟等多元媒介重构回忆空间,记录了当代伊斯坦布尔的文化演变。

The autotopography Istanbul:Memories and the City by Orhan Pamuk not only reveals the symbiotic relationship between Istanbul’s landscape and cultural temperament and the author’s self-subject,but also shows the multicultural memory of the city that is suppressed but has profoundly affected its historical construction.On the one hand,the construction of cultural memory helps Pamuk locate himself and realize his self-identity;on the other hand,through the writing of autotopography,Pamuk transforms communicative memories into cultural memories,and uses Multi-media such as images,architectures and ruins to reconstruct the memory space and record the cultural evolution of contemporary Istanbul.