生命与生命的双向互动——传记的作者与传主关系建构

A Two-way Interaction between Lives:On the Relationship between the Biographer and the Biographee

传记是传记作者对传主人生经历的一种载述,它离不开创作主体作者和作为被书写中心的传主。两者的关系是多层面上生命与生命的双向互动,具体而言,以三种基本的模式类型呈现:第一,生活在现实社会中的传记作者和传主必然通过一定的社会关系联系起来;第二,传记叙述文体的特征使参与进文本的作者和表征为文本形象的传主之间可以是互为掌控关系,也可以是平等的对话关系;第三,在传记这一完整的审美活动体系当中,传记作者与传主还存在价值"亲缘"关系和价值"分立"关系。还应指出的是,作者与传主多层面的积极互动也促进了传记文本的多样化建构。

A biography is an account of the biographee’s life,written by someone else.There is no biography without the biographer and the biographical subject.The relations between them are interactive:for one thing,the biographer and the biographical subject both live in the real world and are thus connected via certain social relations;For another,the relationship between the biographer and the biographee involved in the text is mutually controlling or equal.In addition,in the biography as an aesthetic entity the biographer and the biographical subject have"affinity"and"separation"in the aesthetic value.It should also be noted that the active interaction between the biographer and the subject of biography is conducive to the textual construction.