注意卡夫卡的一则自传记述

Note on an Autobiographical Narrative in Franz Kafka’s Diary

卡夫卡日记中有一则珍贵的自传记述,是布罗德《卡夫卡传》所引述的第一则文献。但目前中译本对这则自传的处理包含一些需要澄清的错误与问题。不仅如此,将这则材料与卡夫卡的母亲朱莉保留下来的一段文本进行对比阅读可以发现,卡夫卡日记中对其曾外祖父的叙述本身已经进入了一个文学形象塑造过程。细察之下,这则日记与卡夫卡的文学理想及重要作品如《判决》《乡村医生》《城堡》有深刻而内在的关联,是理解卡夫卡文学人生的重要线索。

In Kafka’s diary there is a precious autobiographical narrative,which is the first material quoted by Max Brod in his biography of Kafka.However,the current Chinese translations of this autobiography contain some errors and problems which need to be clarified.In addition,the comparison of this material with a text left by Kafka’s mother,Julie Kafka,reveals that the narrative of his grand-grandfather in Kafka’s diary features the creation of a literary image.Under scrutiny,this diary demonstrates a profound and intrinsic connection with Kafka’s literary ideals and some important works such as The Judgment,The Country Doctor and The Castle.It is an important clue to understanding Kafka’s literary life.