从小说到电影——《一个陌生女人的来信》的叙事比较

From Fiction to Film——A Narrative Comparison of a Letter From an Unknown Woman

奥地利作家斯蒂芬·茨威格的中篇小说《一个陌生女人的来信》,在2004年被中国女导演徐静蕾改编成电影。这一媒介的转换,使得二者在叙事上表现出显著的差异。在叙事者上,小说的叙事者是"人格化"的叙事,电影的叙事者是"机制化"的叙事;在叙事视角上,小说中男主人公处于"观者"地位、女主人公是"被观者",而在电影中,男主人公处于"被观者"地位、女主人公变成了"观者";在叙事时空上,小说是"时间的艺术",运用了顺序、倒叙、插叙的叙事手段,电影是"时空的艺术",用场景和蒙太奇来表现时间。在此基础上,可探讨出小说和电影在叙事上可进行的沟通与跨越。

The Austrian writer Stephen Zweig’s novella,A Letter from an Unknown Woman,was adapted into a film by Chinese female director Xu Jinglei in 2004.The transformation of this medium makes the two show significant differences in narrative.In the narrator,the narrator of the novel is the narrative of personalization,and the narrator of the film is the narrative of mechanization.Secondly,in the narrative perspective in the novel,the hero is the viewer,and the heroine is the observed.In the movie,the hero is the observed and the heroine becomes the viewer.Finally,in the narrative time and space,the novel is the art of time,using the sequence,flashback and narration interposed,and film is the art space-time,with scenes and Montage to show time.On the basis,we can explore what kind of communication and innovation can be carried out between the novel and the film in narrative.