协商互动:邻避抗争中的国家-社会关系——基于多案例的比较研究

Negotiation and Interaction: the State-social Relations in the NIMBY Contention——A Comparative Study Based on Multiple Cases

自2007年厦门PX事件以来,邻避抗争的发展愈演愈烈,成为学术界关注的焦点。本研究力图通过6个邻避案例的比较归纳,将邻避抗争置于"抗争政治"的框架下理解。本文首先通过文献回顾梳理出民众暴力、低暴力和非暴力的抗争方式,以及政府回避、妥协、协商、压制的应对策略,形成基本的分析框架。其次通过案例的比较形成"政府的封闭决策-受阻的体制内申诉渠道-行动者的抗争表演-政府的应对策略-不同的抗争结果"这一基本抗争路径,并发现民众与政府在邻避抗争中是一种"协商互动"的关系。最后通过国家与社会关系的讨论发现,邻避抗争虽然在某种程度上促进了市民社会的成长,但未制度化的"协商互动"关系对中国的国家与社会关系而言没有实质性的改变。

Since the Xiamen PX incident in 2007,the development of the evasion of resistance has intensified and become the focus of academic attention.This study attempts to understand the situation of‘contentious politics’by comparing the six NIMBY contention cases.This paper firstly reviews the method of civil contention——violence,low violence and non-violence;as well as the government’s coping strategies——compromise,negotiation and suppression,to form a basic analytical framework.Secondly,through the comparison of cases,the basic defense path of‘closed decision-making by the government-the appeal channel within the blocked system-the protest performance of the actor-the government’s coping strategy-different resistance results’was formed,and people and government were found to be fighting against each other.Medium is a relationship of‘negotiating interaction’.Finally,through the discussion of state-society relations,it is found that though the evasion of resistance has promoted the growth of civil society to a certain extent,the un-institutionalized way of‘consultation and interaction’has no substantive changes in China’s state and social relations.