挂失领取本人账下他人存款行为之定性——以“被害人教义学”为视角

The nature identification about receiving the deposit of others under own account according to loss reporting——from the perspective of victim doctrine

对于挂失领取本人账户下他人存款行为的性质认定,大多数学者与司法实务工作者都围绕着诈骗罪、盗窃罪与侵占罪这三个罪名之间进行探讨与争论,却忽略了这一类案件中被害人的行为对于案件性质的认定也是存在巨大的影响的。从被害人教义学的角度,运用被害人自陷风险理论,就会得出截然不同的结论。在此案件中,被害人意识到风险的存在并且在负有责任、能够采取相应措施阻止危害结果发生的情况下,却没有及时进行制止,就不能够将责任归咎于行为人,应当由被害人自行承担损害结果。

As to the nature identification about receiving the deposit of others under own account according to loss reporting,most scholars and judicial practitioners have discussed and debated around the three crimes,including the crime of fraud,theft and embezzlement,but they ignored this type of case,the behavior of the victim also has a huge impact on the nature of the case.From the point of view of the victim’s doctrine,using the victim’s self-falling risk theory will lead to very different conclusions.In this case,the victim is aware of the existence of the risk and,the victim was responsible and able to take corresponding measures to prevent the occurrence of the hazard,but fails to stop it in time,the responsibility cannot be attributed to the perpetrator and the victim should bear the consequence of the damage.