学业与志业:近代中国族谱叙事中的新女性——基于江西吉安M家族知识女性的考察

Education and Vocation:New Women in the Narration of the Genealogy in Modern China:An Investigation Based on the Intellectual Women of M Family in Ji’an of Jiangxi Province

传统女性向现代新女性的转变,是一个看似简单而其实相当复杂的议题。通过对民国时期江西吉安M家族知识女性的历史考察发现,随着近代女子教育的发展,家族女性开始走出内闱,走向社会。接受过新式教育的知识女性,在教育、文化、社会活动等领域都获得了与男性同等的职业资格。基于族谱记载中的女性叙述,对民国时期知识女性的转变进行细致分析,结果表明,学业与志业是她们自我形塑的重要方式,她们由此开始了从"贤妻良母"向现代"女国民"的转变历程。

The transformation of traditional women to modern new women is a seemingly simple but actually quite complicated issue.Through the historical investigation of the intellectual women of M family in Ji’an of Jiangxi Province during the Republic of China,it is found that with the development of modern women’s education,the family women began to walk out of the inner evading and move tow ards the society.Intellectual women who have received new education,have obtained the same professional qualifications as men in the fields of education,culture,social activities and so on.Based on the female narration in the genealogy record,this paper makes a detailed analysis of the transformation of the intellectual women in the Republic of China,and the results show that education and vocation were important ways of their self-shaping,and thus began the transformation process from"good wife and good mother"to the modern"female national".