中古譯經中的歎词和應答引導語

Interjections and Answering Guide Words in Medieval Chinese Translation of Buddhist Scriptures

歎词和應答引導詞雖屬兩類詞,在話語中分别起到不同的作用,但二者又有一定的共性和聯係。因此可以放在一起進行考察和討論。本文以東漢29种和魏晉南北朝(包括隋)65种漢譯佛經爲基本語料,考察中古漢譯佛經裏歎词和應答引導詞的使用情況,並將其與同期本土文獻進行比較,在此基礎上嘗試建立中古譯經歎词和應答引導詞的表達系統。對從上古到中古歎词和應答引導詞的變化趨勢及原因進行了探討。

Based on the medieval Chinese translation of Buddhist scriptures,this paper examines the uses of interjections and answering guide words,and compares them with the local Chinese literature of the same period.On this basis,we try to establish an expression system of interjections and answering guide words.Interjections are mainly used to express a variety of stronger feelings,more than the beginning of the sentence in the conversation,generally independent into a sentence,not with other components of the combination of relations.No matter the ancient Chinese,or the middle Chinese and even modern Chinese,Interjections is a very small closed word category.The answer guide word generally appears in the answer part of the conversation,which can be either the whole content of the answer or just a part of the answer,used for the beginning of the sentence,to guide the content of the latter answer.Although interjections and answering guide words belong to two kinds of words,they play different roles in discourse respectively,but they have certain commonness and connection.So it can be put together for discussion.