出土文獻與傳世文獻互證漫議——讀《吐魯番出土文書》訓詁隨札

The Mutual Argumentation between Unearthed Texts and Handed-down Texts:Exegetical Notes in the Turpan Unearthed Documents(《吐魯番出土文書》)

作爲太田辰夫《中國語歷史文法·跋》所説的"同時資料",敦煌吐魯番文書等出土文獻材料大多具有原始性、真實性、未經改動的特點,研究價值很高。本文認爲,無論對傳世文獻還是出土文獻的疑難字詞的考釋研究,都應該把兩種文獻材料結合起來,比較互證,推闡系聯。兹以《吐魯番出土文書》的■用、嘿突、渠破水■、偏並等4組詞爲例,略窺二者互證重要性之一斑。

As’contemporaneous data’presented by?ta Tatsuo in his postscript on Chinese Historical Grammar(《中國語歷史文法》),most of the documents and materials unearthed from the Turpan have the characteristics of originality,authenticity and unaltered,which are of great research value.In this paper,the author holds that the research on the knotty words in the handed down texts or in the unearthed texts should combine the two kinds of materials,compare and verify each other,and explain the relationship.Taking the four groups of words(Cuyong’■用’,Motu’嘿突’,Quposhuiguo’渠破水■’,Pianbing’偏並’)in the Turpan Unearthed Documents as examples,this paper gives a brief account of the importance of the mutual argumentation between unearthed texts and handed down texts.