赣语万年方言程度副词“晓几”及其跨层词汇化

The Degree Adverb Xiaoji and its Cross⁃layer Lexicalization in the Wannian Dialect of Gan Chinese

赣语万年方言的程度副词“晓几”由习语结构式跨层词汇化而形成。它可以限定和搭配形容词、动词性成分以及部分指人名词。“晓几”表达高量级程度义,表示“非常”。其演变是个跨层词汇化的过程。它来源于否定式动宾结构“不晓得几”,经过表层结构的简化以及深层结构的重新分析,最终演变为程度副词“晓几”。其跨层词汇化的主要演变机制是重新分析。

The degree adverb xiaoji is formed by the cross⁃layer lexicalization of idiom constructions in Wannian dialect of Gan Chinese.It can modify adjectives,partial verb phrases and referential nouns.It is at a high level in degree scale,semantically quivalent to“very”.The evolution process of xiaoji is lexicalization of cross⁃layer constructions.It derived from the negative verb⁃object construction bu xiaode ji and further underwent simplification of the surface structure and the reanalysis of the internal structure.In essence,its main evolutionary mechanism is reanalysis.