龙山靛房方言的委婉否定结构及其来源

The Euphemistic Negative Structure and its Origins in Dingfang Dialect of Longshan

靛房方言中委婉否定表达结构有“莽没+VP/AP”“莽V不C”“莽没得+N”3种结构类型,结构中的“莽”为程度成分,结构的语序不同于其他汉语方言委婉否定“否定+程度”的结构,它源于土家语“[mã^(53)]+VP+否定词”结构,是一种因土家人说汉语的类推迁移而产生的语法形式,是土家语汉语深度接触影响的产物。

There are three types of structures of euphemistic negative expression in the Dianfang dialect of Longshan,including“Mang(莽)Mei(没)VP/AP”,“Mang(莽)V Bu(不)C”,and“Mang(莽)Meide(没得)N”.“Mang(莽)”in the structures is a degree component.The word order of these structures is different from the order of“negation+degree”in euphemistic negation in other Chinese dialects.Such special constructions can be traced back to“mã^(53)+VP+Negative words”in Tujia language.It is a kind of grammatical form produced by the analogical transfer by Tujia people speaking Chinese,and the product of the deep contact between the Tujia language and the Chinese language.