论托河路鄂伦春语的副动形式

The Converbs of Tuohelu Oroqen Language

文章运用功能类型学理论视角,以田野调查所获第一手自然语料为基础,系统介绍了托河路鄂伦春语副动形式的形态特征、语义功能类型及其相关句法结构表现。作为标记副词性小句的非限定形式,托河路鄂伦春语的副动形式可归纳为7种,根据人称关系标记的黏附情况划分为3种主语指称关系类型。特定副动和语境副动是鄂伦春语副动形式的两种语义功能类型,副动形式的部分语义内容也可以通过分词形式、并列复句等其他句法结构表达。从共时层面看,托河路鄂伦春语副动形式的形态句法表现仍体现了黏着型语言的类型特征。

From the perspective of linguistic typology,based on the first-hand natural corpus obtained from immersion fieldwork,this paper introduces the morphological characteristics,semantic functional types and syntactic structures of the converbs of Tuohelu Oroqen language.As non-finite forms of marked adverbial clauses,the converbs of Tuohelu Oroqen can be summarized into seven types,and they are divided into three kinds of subject referential types according to personal markers.Specialized converbs and contextual converbs are two semantic functional types of the Oroqen converbs.Part of the semantic relationships of converbs can also be expressed by other syntactic structures such as participles and coordinations.From the synchronic perspective,the morpho-syntactic expressions of the converbs still reflect the typological characteristics of the agglutinative language.