“也”和“又”的负极性特征探索——从二者在WH句式中的区别出发

On Negative Polarity of “Ye”and “You”:Based on Their Differences in WH Sentences

"也"和"又"都是表示重复意义的副词,同时可以表示语气。在表示任指的"WH+也/又……"陈述句中,"WH+也"句多为否定句,但也有少量的肯定句;而"WH+又"句基本都是否定句。从语料统计、"也"和"又"的演变过程及功能出发,得到"也"的负极性弱,"又"的负极性强。同时,从"也"和"又"的主观化程度及其本身的基本语义和信息价值入手,探讨了二者在肯定、否定的WH陈述句中表现不对称的原因。

Both"ye"and"you"are Chinese adverbs which can express repetition and mood.For the free choice use of"WH+ye/you"constructions,the relevant sentences are mostly negative,but in some cases they may also be affirmative ones;while the"WH+you"sentences are almost all negative.Based on corpus statistics and the development of the functions of the two morphemes,it can be concluded that the negative polarity feature of"you"is stronger than that of"ye".This paper also explores the asymmetry of the two adverbs in the positive and negative non-interrogative WH-sentences from the perspectives of subjective degrees,basic semantic features and information value.