封丘方言子变韵的韵律形态分析

A Prosodic Morphological Approach of Zi-suffix Rime Change in the Fengqiu Dialect

河南封丘方言子变韵现象十分丰富。这类音变主要源于"子"尾在名词、动词和形容词之后的附着,属于一种典型的合音现象。从合音程度来看,封丘话子变韵可分为拼合型、融合型和长音型。根据韵律模板相关规则,文章对封丘子变韵展开分类探讨,发现这些变韵的生成可看作底层弱化词缀/au/向模板从右向左映射的结果,韵律模板可总结为[μμ]σ,第二莫拉特征固定为[-front],在最大化原则(Maximization Principle,简称MP)和词缀凸显原则(Affix Manifestation Principle,简称AMP)制约下,相关音系操作包括音段合并、鼻音失联、元音合并、高元音长化和韵尾失联等。

There are abundant phenomena of zi-suffix Rime Change in the Fengqiu dialect,which result from the combination of affixes and morphemes.The zi-suffix Rime Change in the Fengqiu dialect can be divided into three types:merger,coalescence and lengthening,and this article analyzes them in the framework of Prosodic Morphology.According to our analysis,the generation of zi-suffix rime change stems from the mapping of the degenerate suffix/au/to the prosodic form from the right to the left.Meanwhile,the generation process is restricted by the single syllable template[μμ]σthrough a series of prosodic interaction within the constraints of the Maximization Principle and the Affix Manifestation Principle,involving some operations such as segmental merger,nasal reassociation,vowel coalescence,high vowel lengthening and coda delinking.