内蒙古晋语后置标记词“动”

Postposition Marker “dong(动)” in the Jin Dialect of Inner Mongolia

内蒙古晋语中后置标记词"动"主要有三种功能,分别为后置时间标记,后置假设标记及后置话题标记。文章认为后置标记词"动"的来源与"静"相对的动词"动",其经常出现在联合式谓词短语后端,随着"动"的语义虚化和泛化,其动作性减弱,状态性增强。"VP动"经常出现在另一小句前端作为其事件发展的时间参照,进而演变为"时间标记"。由于语用的需求,出于对结果的强调或凸显,其主观性增强,动结式变为可能式,"可能性"经常是一种非现实态,所以"动"又演变为假设句中的"虚拟标记"。虚拟标记"动"的用法又拓展到谓词性话题标记,最后泛化到名词性话题标记,发展成为内蒙古晋语中十分常见的话题标记。

There are three main functions of the postposition marker"dong(动)"in the Jin dialect of Inner Mongolia:a time marker,a conditionpostulate marker,and a topic marker.This article argues that the origin of the post markup word"dong"is the verb"dong"which is the opposite to the verb"jing(静)"."Dong"often appears after the verbal combinative phrases,and with the semantic blurring and generalization of the morpheme,its meaning of action is weakened and its meaning of state is enhanced."VP action"often appears as a reference to the event development of another clause,which prompts the evolution of"dong"into a"time marker".Because of the pragmatic needs,"dong"is also used to emphasize or highlight the results,then its subjectivity is enhanced and changes to the possibility complement.Since possibility is often a non-realistic state,"dong"evolves into a"virtual marker".The use of the virtual marker has been extended to a predicate topic marker,and finally to a noun topic marker,which is very commonly used in the Jin Dialect of Inner Mongolia.