基于摄影测量的断裂探槽三维模型建立及应用

Three-dimensional Model Construction and Application of Fault Trenching Based on Photogrammetry

有效获取的断裂内在结构和渗透参数对于辨识断裂导水性具有重要意义.以高放废物地质处置库北山预选区内某断裂探槽为研究对象,借助立体摄影测量技术,创建了断裂探槽的三维模型.通过精细化的探槽三维模型影像分析,辨识出断裂内在结构,并针对典型单元辅以室内渗透试验,结果显示,除断裂核心区的碎粉碎砾、断层泥表现为低渗特征外,断裂的其余部分具有良好的导水性,现场的原位试验也验证了这一判断.综上所述,探槽三维模型及针对性的渗透测试在断裂内在结构识别及其宏观导水性判识方面具有明显优势,研究结果可为后续断裂避让及地下处置库工程布局设计等提供参考.

The fault internal structure and permeability coefficient effectively acquired is of great significance in identifying fault water conductivity.In this paper,a three-dimensional model of a fault trench in Beishan preselected area of high radioactive waste geological repository is established by means of stereophotogrammetry.The internal structure of the fracture is identified through refined three-dimensional model image analysis of the trench,and the indoor permeability test is conducted in typical units.The results shows that the other parts of the fault have good water conductivity except for the low-permeability characteristics of the crushed gravel and fault gouge in the core area of the fault,field in-site tests also verifies this judgment.To sum up,the three-dimensional model of the exploratory trench and the targeted permeability test have obvious advantages in the recognition of the fault internal structure and the determination of the macroscopic hydraulic conductivity.The research results can provide references for subsequent respect distance of fault and layout design of underground repository.