长江中游航道整治建筑物类型选取方法研究

Selection Method of Channel Improvement Building Types in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River

针对三峡蓄水运用后长江中下游来沙量锐减和河床趋势性冲刷现象,研究了航道整治工程守护型建筑物和调整型建筑物的选取问题.研究成果包括:基于河流动力学理论,结合水槽试验,建立了守护型工程航道水深目标的计算公式.根据理论公式,提出了航道工程类型选取方法,即对比理论航深与目标航深,当理论航深大于目标航深,表明守护型工程可实现设计目标,可选用守护型工程,反之亦然.为验证理论公式的正确性及选取方法的合理性,以藕池口水道作为代表验证河段,采用二维水沙数学模型模拟了守护型工程对航道条件改善的效果,结果表明数学模型认识性试验与理论分析结果一致,本文提出的工程类型选取方法可用于长江中游航道整治工程.

In view of the sharp decrease of sediment inflow and the tendency of riverbed scouring in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River after the impoundment of the Three Gorges Project,the selection of guardian buildings and adjustment buildings in the channel improvement project has been studied.The research results include:Based on the river dynamics theory,combined with the flume test,the calculation formula for the water depth target of the guardian engineering channel is established.According to the theoretical formula,the selection method of waterway engineering types is proposed,i.e.comparing the theoretical waterway depth with the target waterway depth.When the theoretical one is greater than the target one,it indicates that the guardian project can achieve the design goal,and the guardian project can be selected,and vice versa.In order to verify the correctness of the theoretical formula and the rationality of the selection method,taking the Ouchikou Waterway as the representative verification reach,the two-dimensional flow and sediment mathematical model is used to simulate the effect of the guardian project on the improvement of the channel conditions.The results show that the cognitive test of the mathematical model is consistent with the theoretical analysis,and the project type selection method proposed in this paper can be applied to the channel improvement project in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River.