大数据技术在新发传染病管理中的研究进展

Research Progress of Big Data in the Management of Emerging Infectious Diseases

新发传染病不仅具有传染病的传染性和流行性,其特有的突发性和不确定性等特点,已成为威胁公众健康,影响社会可持续发展的重要公共卫生问题。传统的管理措施存在上报不及时、信息不完整、难以及时诊断、无法及时提供预警和应对策略的问题,已经不再满足全方位、精确化与时效性的防控需求。因此,需要突破固有防控模式与机制,根据新发传染病的特点,顺应当前的信息发展形势来制定相应的管理措施。从监测、预警和应对三方面系统分析了当前新发传染病管理工作的现状和存在的主要问题,并从大数据技术的角度,阐述和分析了国内外应对策略的研究进展,以期为新发传染病的管理提供一些借鉴思路。

Emerging infectious diseases are not only contagious and epidemic,but also characterized by abruptness and uncertainty,which have become important public health problems threatening public health and affecting the sustainable development of society.The traditional management was not timely reporting,incomplete information,difficult to diagnose in time,unable to provide early warning and response strategies in time,and has not been able to achieve comprehensive,precise and timely prevention and control of emerging infectious diseases.Therefore,it need to formulate corresponding management measures according to the characteristics of emerging infectious diseases and the current situation of information development,which break through the inherent mode and mechanism of prevention and control of emerging infectious diseases.In this study,the current situation and the existing main problems of management in emerging infectious diseases,including monitoring,early warning and response were discussed.From the perspective of big data technology,the domestic and foreign research progress of coping strategies were elaboratedand analyzed,which can provide reference for the management of emerging infectious diseases.