斗牛、麒麟之辨——从馆藏吉服女袍说起

Distinction between Douniu and Kylin Designs:Taking a Piece of Woman’s Festive Robe in Shandong Museum as an Example

山东博物馆馆藏有大量孔府旧藏明代服饰,这批服饰品相完整,色彩鲜艳,纹饰精美,尤以吉服为最。然而服饰中纹饰图案繁复,难以辨别。馆藏一件吉服袍,曾定名为红绸斗牛袍,经辨认,服饰中瑞兽应为麒麟而非斗牛,该袍应定名为大红地盘金绣过肩麒麟云肩通袖膝襕绸袍。

Shandong Museum has a large collection of Ming Dynasty costume which used to be preserved in the Confucius Mansion.These clothing have been kept complete in appearance,with bright colors and exquisite ornamentation.Among them,the Festive Dress is most typical.However,the patterns on the clothing are so complicated that some of them are difficult to distinguish from each other.An example is one piece of the Festive Dress,which was named"red silk robe embroidered with Douniu design"(Douniu,a dragon-like mythical creature with the horns of a bull).But this article,on the basis of research,proves that it is actually Kylin rather than Douniu.Therefore this piece of dress should be renamed"red silk robe embroidered with Kylin design along the shoulders,arms and knees".