水下航行体空泡发展及出水溃灭特性实验研究

Experimental Study on the Cavitation Development and Collapse Characteristics of Underwater Vehicle

针对水下航行体出水过程中的空泡发展及溃灭特性问题,基于新型实验平台,即减压水下航行体运动平台,进行了垂直约束式发射实验,探究了傅汝德数和空化数对空泡发展和溃灭过程的影响。对空泡出水溃灭过程进行描述,并定义了空泡溃灭数Fc,用以衡量空泡溃灭速度。结果表明,傅汝德数主要影响空泡形状,空化数主要影响空泡的尺寸。此外,水下航行体出水时空泡溃灭向下推进速度与傅汝德数呈负相关关系,与空化数呈正相关关系。

To explore the problem of cavitation development and collapse characteristics in the process of underwater vehicle exiting water,a new experimental method was adopted.A vertical constrained launching experiment was carried out on a depressurized underwater vehicle moving platform.The influence of Froude number and cavitation number on cavitation development was investigated.The collapse process of cavitation was described,and a number of cavitation collapse was defined to measure the cavitation propulsion collapse velocity.The results show that,Froude number mainly affects the shape of cavitation,and cavitation number mainly affects the size of cavitation.In addition,the cavitation propulsion collapse velocity of underwater vehicle is negatively correlated with Froude number and positively correlated with cavitation number.