姚立德“运河道题名”碑考释

Introduction to the Stele of Yao Lide’s“Yunhedao Autograph Prose”

官吏题名勒石由来已久,早在唐代就已出现了官员题名碑,此后历代延续了这种传统。收藏于济宁市博物馆的“运河道题名”碑即可作为清代官员题名碑的代表。“运河道题名”碑,由两通碑组成,整体保存状况良好,但也有部分碑文漫漶不清,经考证立碑时间应为清乾隆四十一年(1776)。“运河道题名”碑题记由时任河东河道总督姚立德撰写,在两通碑上分别题刻有明代44任和清代64任管运河官员的姓名及个人小记,题刻内容与《续行水金鉴》《山东运河备览》等河渠书可相互印证,对于研究清代河政体制、厘清史书记载讹误与不足具有重要价值与意义。同时,该碑也为我们了解河官姚立德的个人生平提供了线索。

The practice of officials inscribing their names on stones has a long history,with official inscription tablets appearing as early as the Tang Dynasty,and this tradition has been continued throughout history.The stele of“Yunhedao Autograph Prose”collected in the Jining Museum can be regarded as a representative of the official inscription in the Qing Dynasty.The stele of“Yunhedao Autograph Prose”is composed of two steles,which are generally well preserved,but some of the inscriptions are still unclear.It has been verified that the stele was erected in the 41st year of the Qianlong reign of the Qing Dynasty(1776).“Yunhedao Autograph Prose”was written by Yao Lide,the Governor of Hedong River,which includes the names and biography of 44 canal officials from the Ming Dynasty and 64 canal officials from the Qing Dynasty.The content of the inscription can be verified by historical materials such as Continuation of Xingshui Jinjian and Shandong Yunhe Beilan.It's important and significant to the study of the river administration system of Qing Dynasty.More importantly,it can be used to clarify the errors and to make up for the deficiencies in historical records.At the same time,the stele also provides us with clues to understand the life story of Heguan Yao Lide.