北京通州小圣庙遗址与北京运河故道考古发掘简报

Report on the Archaeological Excavation of Xiaosheng Temple and the Abandoned North Canal Site in Tongzhou,Beijing

位于北京市通州区境内的运河是京杭大运河中北运河的一部分,北运河在嘉庆十三年发生过一次大规模的改道,其故道目前被淤埋于地下。北京市文物研究所于2018年11月至2019年1月对通州区永顺镇小圣庙村及张家湾镇上马头村部分区域进行了较为全面的考古调查、勘探与发掘,发现清代小圣庙基址1处、北运河故道1段和清代墓葬10座。基本明确了该段运河的河道走向、废弃时间,以及祭祀河神的小圣庙建筑基础等信息,为还原北运河故道的历史变迁提供了重要的实物证据。

Located in Tongzhou District,Beijing,the canal is part of the Northern Canal in the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal,which underwent a largescale diversion in the 13 th year of Jiaqing and whose former course is currently silted up and buried underground.The Beijing Institute of Cultural Relics conducted a more comprehensive archaeological survey,exploration and excavation of parts of Xiaoshengmiao Village in Yongshun Town and Shangmatou Village in Zhangjiawan Town,Tongzhou District,from November 2018 to January 2019,and found one section of the former course of the Northern Canal,one base site of Xiaoshengmiao in the Qing Dynasty and 10 tombs in the Qing Dynasty.Basically,the information on the direction of the canal,the abandonment time,and the architectural foundation of the small sacred temple dedicated to the god of the river were clarified,which provided important physical evidence for restoring the historical changes of the Old Route of the Northern Canal.