试论明中后期东昌王学学术特征

Study on the Academic Characteristics of Wang Theory in Dongchang in Mid and Late Ming Dynasty

黄宗羲著《明儒学案》一书中有《北方王门学案》一目。该案列名学者七人,其中穆孔晖、张后觉、孟秋为山东聊城人。事实上,明朝中后期北方王门后学中聊城籍者并非仅有此三人,较著名者尚有王道、赵维新、逯中立、王汝训等,他们亦皆崇信阳明心学。可以说,东昌王学在形成与发展过程中形成了具有自己鲜明特征的阳明心学学术。如对“心”的内涵、对“良知”说等理念皆进行了深入的探讨和研究,形成了独特的系统理论体系,为阳明心学于北方尤其在山东运河流域一带的传播和发展做出应有的贡献。

There is a chapter of northern followers of Wang Yangming School in MingRu XueAn written by Huang Zongxi.There are seven listed scholars in this chapter,among whom Mu Konghui,Zhang Houjue and Meng Qiu are from Liaocheng which is called Dongchang Prefecture during the Ming and Qing Dynasty.There are more scholars such as Wang Dao,Zhao Weixin,Lu Xun and Wang Ruxun from Liaocheng besides three scholars mentioned above.Wang Yangming’s followers in Dongchang has formed a different pattern and has its own distinctive characteristics,for example,they deeply discussed and studied the connotation of mind and the theory of Innate Knowledge,and formed a unique system of theories,which made due contributions to spreading and developmenting of Idealism of Wang Yang-ming in the north,especially in the area of Canal in western Shandong.