江汉运河时空变迁新探

New Research on the Temporal and Spatial Changes of Jianghan Canal

江汉运河,并非同一条人工河道在不同历史时期的名称变异,而是不同人工河道在同一地域范围的空间位移。因为在河湖密布的江汉平原,人们对自然河道的利用和人工运河的开挖,均深受地貌形态和社会需求变化的制约。结果是运河起讫地点和航道走向呈现西端的入长江口不断南移、东端的入汉江口不断北移的趋势。江汉运河时空变迁的根本原因,早期可归于政府的军事和漕运需求,宋元以降则全归于民间运输导向。

The Jianghan Canal is not the name variation of the same artificial river in different historical periods,but the spatial displacement of different artificial rivers in the same geographical area.Because in the Jianghan Plain,where the rivers and lakes are densely covered,the use of natural rivers and the excavation of artificial canals are deeply restricted by the changes in landforms and social needs.As a result,the canal’s starting and ending location and the channel trend,show the west end of the Yangtze River continues to move southward,the east end of the Han River continues to move northward.The root cause of the Jianghan Canal’s time and space changes can be attributed to the government’s military and grain transportation needs in the early period,after the Song and Yuan Dynasties are caused by the private transportation guide.