空间非合作目标物柔性捕获技术进展

Development of Flexible Capture Technology for Space Non-Cooperative Target

分类探讨了近年来出现的多种空间柔性捕获技术的原理及性能特点,给出了一些具有代表性的案例,结果表明:空间绳系捕获技术在理论及试验研究方面都相对成熟,是未来行之有效、可工程实现的柔性捕获方式之一。重点针对空间非合作目标物捕获中容易出现的翻滚问题,对比分析现有的几种常用的接触式消旋方法,分析表明能同时实现捕获+消旋的一步式消旋法更具有应用前景。以空间绳系捕获技术作为空间柔性捕获的代表,对其捕获后的空间绳系组合体动力学模型建立过程中的系绳模型进行了综述,指出了各种系绳模型的优缺点及适用条件。对系绳控制机构进行了分类综述,给出了设计系绳控制机构需重点关注的问题。最后对空间绳系捕获技术的发展方向做了展望。

Principles and performance features of several flexible capture technologies are analyzed and some representative cases are given.The space tethered capture technology is one of the effective and engineering-realizable flexible capture methods because of its relative maturity in theoretical and experimental study.Aiming at the tumbling problems during the capture process of a space non-cooperative target,some common contact-type detumbling methods are compared.It is shown that the one-step despun method has a better application prospect for its simultaneous realization of capture and despun.The tether models and tether control mechanism are summarized.The applicable conditions of the tether models and the design advice of the tether control mechanism are given.Finally,the future prospects of the space tethered capture technology are proposed.