洛阳时代北魏宗室从北族贵族到士人的身份转换与仕宦境遇——以元毓、元昉兄弟墓志为中心的研究

Identity’s Change from Northern Nation’s Nobles to Scholars and Circumstances of Northern Wei’s Royal Clans in the Luoyang Age--Research Centred on Epitaphs of Yuan Yu and Yuan Fang

《元毓墓志》、《元昉墓志》为探究北魏宗室在汉化流风甚嚣尘上的洛阳时代的身份转换与境遇提供了生动而详实的史料。《元毓墓志》、《元昉墓志》之撰写采用北魏时期北族成员墓志的主流撰述方式,高调炫耀墓主人文化素养、气质风韵、仕宦经历与家族谱系,折射出北族成员对中原文化所表现出的强烈认同感以及由北族贵族到士人的身份转换。志文隐晦地揭示出北魏洛阳时代后期部分宗室成员的仕宦沉浮与政局变化之间的关联。文章根据《元毓墓志》、《元昉墓志》与史籍,结合北魏洛阳时代背景,从文化认同、身份转换与国家政局变迁视角,洞悉元毓、元昉墓志所蕴含的丰富历史信息。

The Epitaphs of Yuan Yu and Yuan Fang provided vivid and detailed historical materials in exploring the identity’s change and circumstances of Northern Wei’s royal clans in Luoyang age when Chinese localization’s remaining customs were all over the place.The writing of Epitaphs of Yuan Yu and Yuan Fang adopted the mainstream writing way of Northern nations members’epitaphs.The Epitaphs of Yuan Yu and Yuan Fang flaunted the owner’s cultural attainments,carriage,official career and family,reflecting the Northern nations members’approving of Central Plains’culture and identity’s change from northern nation’s nobles to scholars.The Epitaphs reveals the relationship between some royal clans’official career and changing of political situation in the later period of Northern Wei’s Luoyang age.According to the Epitaphs of Yuan Yu and Yuan Fang,historical records and background of Luoyang era of Northern Wei,this article gives an insight into the historical information of Epitaphs of Yuan Yu and Yuan Fang from the perspectives of cultural identity,change of the identity and political situation.