论北魏前期国家性质与胡汉豪族

A Study of Nature of the State in the Early Northern Wei Dynasty and the Nobles of the Hu and Han Ethnic Groups

北魏孝文帝迁都前,北魏是建立在鲜卑酋豪部落之上的胡族国家,处于向皇权至上,中原家产制国家过渡阶段,鲜卑酋豪掌握国家权力。汉族豪族是北魏胡族国家强化皇权、维护官僚体系运转不可或缺的合作者。汉族豪族的官僚化,是在北魏国家强力的主导下被动进行,北魏国家对汉族豪族有支配权。从政体、权力分配上,北魏前期不具备实行门阀体制的条件。

Before its moving of the capital,the Northern Wei Dynasty,a country of Hu ethnic group founded on basis of the Xianbei tribal clan,was in the transitional stage to the imperial supremacy and the family property system in Central Plains.Then Xianbei chieftain was in power.Nobles of the Han ethnic group were an indispensable partner in strengthening the imperial power and maintaining the bureaucracy in the Northern Wei Dynasty.The bureaucratization of the Han was carried out passively under the strong leadership of the Northern Wei,which had the dominant power over the Han.In terms of regime and power distribution,the early Northern Wei Dynasty did not have the conditions to implement the system of gentry clans.