利用夜间灯光分析胡焕庸线两侧社会经济发展不均衡状况

Analysis of Inequality of Socioeconomic Development on both Sides of Hu Huanyong Line Using Nighttime Light

利用遥感技术评估我国东西部社会经济发展情况及差异,对我国制定发展战略和具体实施具有重大意义。研究利用夜间灯光遥感数据表征社会经济发展状况,在县一级分析了胡焕庸线两侧的发展速率、重心转移情况;结合遥感植被指数引入“灯光/植被”比值指数,分析经济发展和绿色空间的动态权衡;将海岸带不同距离缓冲区灯光与西部灯光比重进行对比;利用基尼系数测度东西部发展的不均衡状况。结果表明:全国、东西部社会经济快速发展,灯光重心基本稳定,分别在开封市、淮北市、阿拉善南部地区小范围漂移;我国海岸带聚集了高强度的社会经济活动,30 km缓冲区内灯光总量基本已经与西部灯光总量相当;东西部基尼系数逐年降低;比值指数的空间自相关分析探测到沿海灯光趋于饱和,相邻的内陆县域为潜在的高强度开发空间。研究结果说明了我国东西部内部经济发展差异仍然显著,但是均衡性趋好,东部发展应进入更加注重绿化维持的阶段,内陆地区也将逐渐进入快速发展阶段。研究结论对我国乡村振兴重点地区的精准识别、生态治理修复规划等都具有借鉴意义。

Using remote sensing technology to evaluate the social and economic development situation and differences between East and west China is of great significance for China to formulate development strategies and implement them.In this paper,we use remote sensing-derived nighttime light data to characterize the social and economic development,and analyze the development rate and gravity center transfer of East and West(on both sides of Hu Huanyong line)at the county level.Combined with remote sensing vegetation index,the ratio index of"light/vegetation"is introduced to analyze the dynamic trade-off between economic development and green space.The proportion of light in different distance buffer zone of coastal zone was compared with that in the West.Gini coefficient is used to measure the unbalanced development of the East and the West.The results show that:with the rapid development of social economy in the whole country,the East and the west,the lighting center is basically stable,drifting in a small range in Kaifeng City,Huaibei City and the south of Alashan;The coastal zone of China has gathered high-intensity social and economic activities,and the total amount of light in the 30 km buffer zone is almost equal to that in the West;The Gini coefficient in the East and West decreased year by year.The spatial correlation analysis of the ratio index shows that the areas along the Bohai Sea,Yellow Sea and East China Sea are high-intensity development areas tending to be saturated,the adjacent inland counties are potential high-intensity development areas,and the Qinghai Tibet and southwest regions are weak development areas.The results show that the internal economic development difference between the East and the west is still significant,but the balance is getting better.The eastern development should pay more attention to the maintenance of greening trend.Affected by the spillover of coastline development results,the inland areas will gradually enter the stage of rapid development.The conclusions of this study can be used for reference in accurate identification of key areas of Rural Revitalization and ecological restoration planning in China.