中国乌尔都语人才培养回顾与思考

Urdu Education in China:History and Reflection

巴基斯坦是中国的传统友好国家,乌尔都语作为巴基斯坦的国语和官方语言,对其人才培养具有重要战略意义。本文从历史切入,介绍乌尔都语在现代化进程中的语言发展衍变及其在巴基斯坦、印度两国的语言地位。在此基础上,本文进一步梳理了1954年至今中国高校乌尔都语人才培养的发展历程,探讨了乌尔都语教育在人才培养理念、专业教材建设、专业设置的地域分布等方面呈现出的特色和发展趋势。最后,面对中巴经济走廊建设对语言教育提出的新挑战,本文建议在处理好国家需求、学生个人发展和外语习得规律的基础上,从巴基斯坦实际国情出发,进一步完善乌尔都语人才专业培养和非专业培养模式。

China and Pakistan share a traditional friendship.As national and official language of Pakistan,Urdu and Urdu language-qualified personnel are of great strategic significance in China.This paper introduces the evolution of Urdu language in the process of modernization and its language status in Pakistan and India from historical perspective.Based on historical research,this paper discusses the characteristics of Urdu language education in China started from 1954,in terms of educational objectives,curriculum designing and geographical distribution.Facing challenges in the background of China Pakistan Economic Corridor,this paper proposes to improve the professional and non-professional training mode of Urdu language-qualified personnel based on Pakistan’s national conditions,while on the other hand taking into consideration the balance between national needs,students’personal development and foreign language acquisition rules.