论波斯中古艺术中的具象描摹

On the Figurative Depiction of Persian Medieval Art

阿拉伯伊斯兰艺术原本对具象描摹持明确的反对和排斥态度。然而,伴随着阿拉伯帝国的扩张,其艺术形式在适应不同民族和不同区域文化的过程中,逐渐形成了以几何线条、"阿拉伯式花纹"和字母装饰等抽象元素为主的普遍性,同时也发展出人物、动物具象描摹盛行的特殊性。波斯中古艺术就是这种特殊性的集中体现,它以三维雕塑和二维绘画为载体,描绘追求传神达意和表现世间百态的人物和动物形象,生动地展现了伊朗古老的具象艺术传统对外来艺术的吸收与超越。具象特征在波斯中古艺术中普遍存在,既体现了波斯艺术传统的持久性及顽固性,也表现了伊斯兰艺术的包容性、多元性和丰富性。

decorative elements such as geometric lines,“arabesque”and alphabetic decoration in the process of adapting to different nationalities and regions.Meanwhile,it has also developed a nationalized and localized Islamic art characterized by depicting figures and animals,which embodies the particularity of Islamic art.Persian medieval art is the embodiment of this particularity.Taking three-dimensional sculpture and two-dimensional painting as the carrier,it depicts the images of humans and animals,which vividly reflects the absorption and transcendence of the ancient figural art tradition of Iran to the art from outside.The universal existence of figural features in Persian medieval art not only reflects the persistence and obstinacy of Persian art tradition,but also the inclusiveness,diversity and richness of the Islamic art.