异域显灵:越南“神迹”文献中的宋杨太后信仰

The Relief of Yang Queen Mother of Song Dynasty in Vietnamese Than Tich

本文通过分析越南"神迹"资料,进一步探讨越南民间的宋杨太后和南海四位圣娘信仰。"神迹"对南海四位圣娘人物原型有不同的记载,从最初的宋朝太后与公主、侍女,到太后原本出生于越南,太后或为雄王王后等,具有明显的"越南化"趋势。"神迹"记载了南海四位圣娘信仰从越南中部沿海传播至越南各地的多种途径,或经乾海门居民传播,或经黎圣宗南征军人传播,或经越南华侨华人传播等方式。越南"神迹"记载了多种以杨太后为人物核心,以越南本土为场景的荒诞不经的故事,反映了宋末杨太后和南海四位圣娘信仰的"在地化"过程。

The author tries to analyze Vietnamese Than Tich to discuss the relief of Yang queen mother of Song dynasty or Nam Hai Tu Vi Thang Nuong in Vietnam.These Than Tich recorded different relationship within four gods,and gradually called them from Chinese to Vietnamese.Furthermore,Vietnamese told the goddess was ancient Vietnamese queen in some Than Tich.The documents also recorded that the relief spread in Vietnam by some Vietnamese of sea gate Can,or by overseas Chinese,or by war,etc.The documents included many ridiculous stories,which embody that the relief gradually became Vietnamization.