突发公共事件下的跨文化应急沟通胜任力

Intercultural Crisis Communication Competence during Public Emergencies

当今世界,多语多元文化社区日趋增多,一旦发生突发公共事件,应急响应离不开多语应急沟通。然而,多语应急沟通并非仅仅是不同语言之间的符号转换,更与语言背后的文化因素息息相关,其本质也是一种跨文化交流,即突发公共事件情境下的跨文化应急沟通。文章基于突发公共事件的具体案例,探讨跨文化应急沟通的现实必要性及其内涵,提出了跨文化应急沟通胜任力的概念,并从多重身份适应能力、语言与文化融合能力、应急技术支持能力、情感共情能力以及风险承受能力五个方面构建跨文化应急沟通胜任力框架。文章建议从案例教学、现场实践与跨区域交流合作三个方面保障跨文化应急沟通实训效果,提升语言服务者在突发公共事件下的跨文化应急沟通胜任力,为健全国家应急管理体系、提升国家治理能力提供启示。

Nowadays,the world witnesses the popularity of more multilingual and multicultural communities.Once a public emergency occurs,emergency response is inseparable from emergency communication.Then,multilingual emergency communication is not just a symbolic conversion between different languages but is closely related to the cultural factors behind the language.In this sense,emergency communication for multilinguals is also a matter of intercultural crisis communication.This article,taking the cases of emergency language communication as exemplars,explores the practical necessity and connotation of intercultural emergency communication.This paper puts forward the concept of cross⁃cultural emergency communication competence,with the aim of constructing an intercultural emergency communication competency framework.Namely,this framework is composed of the ability to adapt to multiple identities,the integration of language and culture,emergency technical support,emotional empathy,and risk tolerance as well.The article proposes to ensure the effectiveness of intercultural emergency communication training in three aspects:teaching with real cases,on⁃site practice and cross⁃regional exchanges and cooperation,and enhance the competence of language service providers in cross⁃cultural emergency communication under public emergencies.It is hoped to provide implications on the improvement of national emergency management system and national governance capacity.