企业数据资源持有权:生成逻辑、制度定位与运行范式

Ownership of Data Resources:Generative Logic,Institutional Positioning,and Operation Paradigm

数据资源持有权是企业数据产权“三权分置”法律构造的起点,应当从“治理范式”、利益平衡、数据共享三方面明确企业数据资源持有权的生成逻辑。企业数据资源持有权的客体是原始数据,而不是数据集合和数据产品。数据资源持有权是对企业获取数据合法性来源的认可,是对数据事实控制状态的承认,主要有自主管控、有限收益、合理处分等具体表现形式。在企业数据资源持有权的适用中,需要明确权义互动、侵权认定、协同构建等运行机制,并从个人信息来源、公共数据来源、数据共享义务、公序良俗原则等方面对企业数据资源持有权进行限制。

The ownership of data resources is the starting point of the legal structure of the“separation of three rights”of enterprise data property rights,and the generation logic of enterprise data resource ownership should be clarified from the perspective of“governance paradigm”,balance of interests,and data sharing.The object of ownership of enterprise data resources is raw data rather than data collections and data products.The right to hold data resources is the recognition of the legitimacy of the source of data obtained by the enterprise and the recognition of the state of control over the data facts,which mainly includes specific manifestations such as independent control,limited benefits,and reasonable disposal.In the application of enterprise data resource holding,it is necessary to clarify the operating mechanisms such as interaction of power and righteousness,determination of infringement,and collaborative construction,and restrict the ownership of enterprise data resources from the aspects of personal information sources,public data sources,data sharing obligations,and the principle of public order and good customs.