清代云南藏族聚居区绿营驻军体系演变、军粮供给与滇藏贸易管控

A Research on the Evolution of Green Camp Garrison System,Military Provision System and Trade Control between Yunnan and Tibet in Yunnan Tibetan Community in Qing Dynasty

清代云南藏族聚居区绿营驻军体系的建立是国家治藏区域实践与云南省域控制的结果,入藏交通护卫与维护地方稳定是其调整与完善的目的。绿营汛塘主要布防于滇藏交通沿线,发挥护卫交通的作用。云南藏族聚居区粮食产量无法满足本地驻军粮食需求,清朝采取调拨邻近的丽江、剑川与鹤庆州县粮米与雇佣民夫运输的方式满足云南藏族聚居区绿营驻军的军粮供给需求。绿营驻军的职能是保障入藏交通安全,监督与管理入藏商旅,达到了滇藏贸易有序开展的目的。

The establishment of green camp garrison system in Yunnan Tibetan Community in Qing Dynasty was a result of the practice of national governance of Tibet and the control of Yunnan province.The purpose of its adjustment and improvement was to safeguard the transportation to Tibet and maintain regional stability.The basic military squads(Xun and Tang)were deployed along the traffic line of Yunnan and Tibet to maintain the safety and the order.As the food production was not enough to cater the local green camp garrison,the Qing central government transferred the food from Lijiang,Jianchuan,Heqing by hiring local labors.The duty of the green camp garrison was to safeguard the transportation to Tibet and supervised and managed the trade caravan to Tibet.In this way,the orderly development of the trade between Yunnan and Tibet could be guaranteed.